Saturday, March 5, 2011

Techniques for improving your memory[young or old]

Do you feel that you have a poor memory? As we age many of us experience minor memory lapses, which are not usually signs of a serious neurological disorder, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Instead, we may just have some less-than-effective habits when it comes to taking in and processing information. Barring disease, disorder, or injury, it is possible for you to learn how to improve your memory.
Brain exercises to improve memory
Memory, like muscular strength, requires you to "use it or lose it." The more you work out your brain, the better you’ll be able to process and remember information. Brain exercises that will improve memory include: 


       
Novelty and sensory stimulation: If you break your routine in a challenging way, you’re using brain pathways you weren’t using before. This can involve something as simple as brushing your teeth with your nondominant hand, which activates little-used connections on the nondominant side of your brain.

Neurobic exercise: is an aerobic exercise for your brain that forces you to use your faculties in unusual ways, like showering and getting dressed with your eyes closed. (See Keep Your Brain Alive Exercises in related links.)
                                MOST IMPORTANT WAYS ARE:
INVENT A SUITABLE LEARNING SKILL
can be the most effective way to improve memory. Take a course in a subject you don’t
know much about, learn a new game of strategy, learn a new language, or cook up some recipes in an unfamiliar cuisine. The key here is to choose something that interests you. The more interested and engaged your brain, the more likely you’ll be to continue learning and the greater the benefits you’ll experience.
PAY ATTENTION
You can’t remember something if you never learned it, and you can’t learn something — that is, encode it into your brain — if you don’t pay enough attention to it. It takes about eight seconds of intense focus to process a piece of information into your memory. If you’re easily distracted, try to receive information in a quiet place where you won’t be interrupted
USE MISCELLENOUS FORMS OF LEARNING
Most people are visual learners; they learn best by reading or otherwise seeing what it is they have to know. But some are auditory learners who learn better by listening. They might benefit by recording information they need and listening to it until they remember it.
Even if you’re a visual learner, read out loud what you want to remember. If you can recite it rhythmically, even better. Try to relate information to colors, textures, smells and tastes. The physical act of rewriting information can help imprint it onto your brain.
COMBINE YOUR DATA WITH PREVIOUS DATA
Connect new data to information you already remember, whether it’s new material that builds on previous knowledge, or something as simple as an address of someone who lives on a street where you already know someone.
ALWAYS WRITE
Write things down in address books and datebooks and on calendars; take notes on more complex material and reorganize the notes into categories later. Use both words and pictures in learning information.
 For more complex material, focus on understanding basic ideas rather than memorizing isolated details. Be able to explain it to someone else in your own words.
ARRANGE YOUR INFORMATION
Review what you’ve learned the same day you learn it, and at intervals thereafter. What researchers call "spaced rehearsal" is more effective than "cramming." If you’re able to "over-learn" information so that recalling it becomes second nature, so much the better.
BE MOTIVATIVE
Tell yourself that you want to learn what you need to remember, and that you can learn and remember it. Telling yourself you have a bad memory actually hampers the ability of your brain to remember, while positive mental feedback sets up an expectation of success.

The Mozart effect[an important technique for improving your memory]


  
Society has often hoped for a quick and simple way of increasing intelligence. In 1993, such a possibility
 was offered by researchers at the University of California, Irvine. Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky (1993) found that a group of 36 college undergraduates improved their spatial-temporal intelligence (the ability to mentally manipulate objects in three-dimensional space) after listening to 10 minutes of a Mozart sonata. Results showed that student' IQ scores improved by 8-9 points and lasted for 10-15 minutes. The findings, which were later dubbed the Mozart effect, have spawned both criticism and support for music's ability to alter intelligence.

The original Mozart effect researchers based their rationale on the trion model of the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is a part of the brain that helps with, among other things, motor control, speech, memory, and auditory reception. The trion model, developed by Shaw, showed that similar neural firings patterns occur when listening to music and performing spatial tasks (Leng & Shaw, 1991). Rauscher and Shaw hypothesized that listening to certain types of complex music may "warm-up" neural transmitters inside the cerebral cortex and thereby improve spatial performance.
Other researchers have been wary of the findings presented by Rauscher and colleagues. Instead, Mozart effect critics have claimed the spatial intelligence increase to be nothing more than a shift in participants' arousal, which then produces better spatial test scores (Steele, 2000; Thompson, Schellenberg, & Husain, 2001). In essence, their argument is that listening to Mozart's music causes either an increase or decrease in someone's arousal and mood to a level that is more optimal for testing. Personal preference for the music heard in Mozart effect testing may also be a possible influence on increasing spatial test scores (Nantais & Schellenberg, 1999).
The majority of Mozart effect research has been conducted on college undergraduates. Although some media outlets have claimed Mozart's music improves a baby's intelligence, as yet, no test involving the possible influence of this music on infants' spatial intelligence has been conducted. The youngest group of participants that have been tested had a mean age of 11.95 years (McKelvie & Low, 2002). Currently, no testing has been done on older adults, adolescents, or other developmental levels.
The music used in the first Mozart effect experiment was


Mozart's Sonata for two pianos in D-major, K.448.
Mozart, minimalist music by Philip Glass
The dance group Aqua, and pieces by Albinoni and Schubert
The music of Yanni the jazz master